Mechanical synthesis

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Introduction

Speech synthesis refers to the artificial reproduction of human-like speech.[1] In recent years, this scientific field has witnessed significant advancements driven by extensive research, expanding computational capabilities, the accessibility of speech data, and substantial financial investments in this domain. However, the very early attempts at speech synthesis can be traced back to as early as the 18th century, reflecting the undeniable significance of speech as a primary mode of human communication. Over time, technological advancements have greatly enhanced the accuracy, quality, and naturalness of synthesized speech; see for example projects such as OLGA[2], which integrated audiovisual information and facial animation to boost speech intelligibility.

Phonetics of Speech Production

Early attempts at mechanical speech synthesis

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Christian Kratzenstein, 1779: generating vowels with acoustic resonators

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Impact / Transition to Electrical Synthesizers

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LLM Review

References

  1. Suendermann, D., Höge, H., & Black, A. (2010). Challenges in Speech Synthesis. In Speech Technology. Theory and Applications. Springer.
  2. Beskow, J., & McGlashan, S. (1997, August). Olga-A conversational agent with gestures. In Proceedings of the IJCAI'97 workshop on Animated Interface Agents-Making them Intelligent.