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Wolfgang von Kempelen's Speaking Machine (1769)
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==== 2. Optimizing and Improving Speech Machine Technology: ==== Kempelen demonstrated great attention to detail when it came to addressing secondary issues, but he approached the core issue of throat dimensions and related apertures in a relatively casual and superficial manner. Future researchers may choose to conduct experiments in this particular area. Furthermore, an intriguing avenue of research involves exploring the use of double reeds as a replacement for the vocal cords, as Kempelen attempted in his initial prototype. These double reeds are closer to simulating human vocal cords, and researchers can investigate the feasibility of this approach and whether it significantly alters the machine's "tonal quality." Additionally, studying the impact of different reed materials on the machine's speech sounds presents an engaging research area. Lastly, researchers can draw inspiration from Kempelen's work to delve further into the relationship between human voice production and organ construction. In Kempelen's research, he proposed the use of the organ register "vox humana" as the foundation for a speech synthesizer. This is why he solely employed reeds to mimic vocal cords, akin to the process of crafting an organ. This register, in conjunction with the so-called "tremulant," can generate sounds resembling the vibrato in human singing.<ref>Trouvain, Jürgen, and Fabian Brackhane. “THE RELEVANCE TODAY OF WOLFGANG VON KEMPELEN’S ‘SPEAKING MACHINE,’” n.d.</ref> These issues present intriguing avenues for future research, offering the potential for a deeper understanding and development of Kempelen's speaking machine.
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