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Commerical TTS - Google, Amazon, Apple and Microsoft (2010s)
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== Introduction == The landscape of text-to-speech (TTS) technology has evolved significantly over the years, with key players like Microsoft, Google, Apple, and Amazon shaping its trajectory. The roots of TTS can be traced back to the 1980s, with the emergence of [[Hidden Markov Models in Speech Synthesis|HMM-based speech synthesis systems (HTS)]]. In the late 1990s, the [[Festival Speech Synthesis System (1997)|Festival Speech Synthesis System]] marked a milestone. However, it was in the 2000s that [[Advancements in Neural Network-Based TTS (2000s)|advancements in Neural Network-Based TTS]] began to redefine the field. Microsoft, propelled by the expertise of speech scientist Dr. Xuedong Huang, made substantial strides in TTS. From the early Microsoft Sam to the more advanced Whistler system, Microsoft delved into Hidden Markov Models and eventually embraced deep neural networks. The development of the Microsoft Speech API played a pivotal role in integrating natural-sounding voices into Windows operating systems. Google, after acquiring DeepMind in 2014, unleashed WaveNet—a deep neural network that revolutionized TTS. WaveNet became the driving force behind products like Google Assistant and Google Cloud Speech API, propelling Google to the forefront of intelligent personal assistants. Amazon, originating as an online bookstore, ventured into TTS with the Kindle 2 in 2009. However, it was the launch of Amazon Polly in 2016, leveraging deep learning for lifelike speech, that marked a significant leap. Amazon's virtual assistant, Alexa, further solidified their position in the TTS landscape. Apple, with its MacInTalk system in the 1980s, laid the foundation for TTS integration into its ecosystem. Siri, introduced in 2011, represented a paradigm shift in user-device interaction. Apple's commitment to inclusivity and innovation continued with features like VoiceOver, Speak Selection, and Speak Screen. In the subsequent sections, we will explore the key innovations brought forth by each company, examining how these developments have shaped the accessibility, user experience, and broader implications of TTS technology.
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